Leadership Style Of Mountain West Health Plan Inc.

INTRODUCTION In every organization, the key element that always decides success is leadership style. Leader is known as a person who holds a dominant or superior position within their field, and is able to exercise a high degree of control or influence over others (Alon,2014) . Leadership style is an approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. There are many different leadership styles that can be exhibited by leaders in the political, business or other fields. Different types of leadership styles exist in work environments (Johnson, 2014). In particular, for leader positions, they need to hire people who bring the greatest benefit to the company the most effective way. Leader must select the appropriate of leadership style to make sure the enterprise constantly improves its performance. With that in my goal, the objective of this report is to analyze the leadership style of Mountain West Health Plan Inc. and give recommendation for business to develop better. Background In Mountain West Health Plans Inc. there are two kind of leadership styles: people-oriented leadership and task-oriented leadership. People oriented leadership style People oriented leadership can be defined as participating directly with the employees throughout the process. The leader is involved in every aspect of the work and is there to offer ideas, advice, and support to his or her employees. This style offers a great deal of teamwork within the work community,Show MoreRelatedMountain West Health Plans, Inc2327 Words   |  10 PagesTeam 1 To: Mountain West Health Plans, Inc RE: Customer Service Department We’d like to go over some key leadership issues that lie within Mountain West Health Plans, Inc’s Customer Service Department. We’d to review the overall performance of Mountain West Health Plans, Inc’s new hire Erik Rasmussen. We will also compare the leadership style of your current hire with that of recent retiree Evelyn Gustafson identifying strengths and weaknesses of each individuals leadership styles. In additionRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style1012 Words   |  5 Pages1. Leadership style can have five levels: highly capable individual, contributing team member, competent manager, effective leader, and executive. The highly capable individual makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, skills, and good work habits. The contributing team member contributes individual capabilities to the achievement of group objectives, and works effectively with others in a group setting. Competent manger organizes people and resources to ward the effective, and efficientRead MoreSwot Analysis of Pepsico2230 Words   |  9 Pages PepsiCo pairs with CBS to launch first-ever video player packaged in a print ad PepsiCo products make Best Foods for Women list in Women s Health magazine EPA awards PepsiCo s Chicago office with Energy Star certification Pepsi kicks off its 2009 partnership with the NFL Smartfood adds Peanut Butter Apple flavor to its lineup Mountain Dew introduces UltraViolet, Dew s first diet line extension PepsiCo sponsors National Urban League Conference PepsiCo reaches merger agreementsRead MoreCase Analysis8274 Words   |  34 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   F. SWOT Matrix  23   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   G. SPACE Matrix  24   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   H. BCG Matrix  26   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I. Grand Strategy Matrix  28   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   J. Strategy Options  29   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   K. TOWS Matrix  30   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   L. 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They believe that by doing this they can associate their products with their target customers. This is called celebrity endorsementRead MoreStarbucks Corporation12076 Words   |  49 Pageswould pay good money for a premium cup of coffee and a stylish place to enjoy it. Enthusiastic about his idea, Schultz returned to tell Starbucks’ owners of his plan for a national chain of cafes styled on the Italian coffee bar. The owners, however, did not want to be in the restaurant business. Undaunted, Schultz wrote a business plan and began looking for investors. By April 1985 he had opened his first coffee bar, Il Giornale (named after the Italian newspaper), where he served Starbucks coffeeRead MoreDarden Consulting Case Book25163 Words   |  101 PagesStructure of the Case Interview 2. Frameworks 3. The Math 2. Company Overviews Interview Processes 3. Practice Cases 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Bike DVD Rental Service in NYC Dry Wall Competitive Threat Organ Donation Case Central Power Chemicals, Inc. 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research studies Essay - 1521 Words

Irahani, Shara-aisa A. BEEd-I EdSci 102-A Feb. 18, 2014 â€Å"Race for the Double-Helix† What were your first impressions of the main characters? James Watson: An American biologist man who has a research about the DNA. For me, James Watson at first was a bit weird guy because of the way he stared and looked at people around him. He is a mysterious guy and a bit naughty to the ladies he has seen. As one of the character said, he is the â€Å"boy-wonderer†. He is also a very eager to know the research and very observant. Francis Crick: He does the same research with Watson, they are both teammates. He is also eager to know what is in DNA and the relationship of it with the double-helix. Rosalind†¦show more content†¦What were your later impressions of the main characters? James Watson: Watson has the wit and capabilities to do the research he is doing. Once he wants to do something, he wishes and grants to finish the research heartily. He is one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. Francis Crick: Similar with Watson, Crick is also eager to finish the study as soon as possible. He is also one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. Rosalind Franklin: She wanted to do the research on her own. She studies alone and makes it well. She also contributed to the discovering of the double helix but kept the study herself. Maurice Wilkins: He is one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. And he also contributed his previous researches to Watson and Crick. Why this movie is called â€Å"Race for the Double-Helix†? Do you think scientific research should be a race? Why? Why not? In my opinion on why was the movie called â€Å"Race for the Double-Helix†, because at the middle of the presentation, although Franklin and Wilkins find it difficult to work together, the possibility of their collaboration heats up the race to discovery, as Watson and Crick see it. Watson and Crick knew that there was someone who is also doing the discovering for the Double-Helix, the American chemist Linus Pauling, whom is closing in on a solution. They tried to hurry and do the research as fast as they can. It is also because they wanted to have an awardShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Research1173 Words   |  5 PagesThe research topic is selected, the testable research question is developed, research on the topic is found, the literature review is completed, and a decision is made on the research design. Now, one of the most important s teps in the research process to accomplish is the collection of data. Notwithstanding the research project and whether the method of research is whether qualitative or quantitative, data must be collected. Data collection is essential whether the method of choice is a mailRead MoreA Research Study On Psychological Research1657 Words   |  7 Pages Psychological Research can range from being simple to very complex. 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Can Divorce be Beneficial for Children Free Essays

string(217) " unhappy parents who are always quarrelling they begin to believe this type of behavior is what a relationship is be argumentative as well in their personal relationships with others, both in and outside of the home\." University I stared Into his uncontrolled, demonic eyes Just Inches from mine as I watched his body tremble and quake with wrath. It was an unbridled anger I had encountered many times before. I listened as the sharp words escaped his mouth, piercing me like daggers. We will write a custom essay sample on Can Divorce be Beneficial for Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not knowing if any hasty movement would have dire repercussions, I stood frozen, heart racing, undecided of my next move. Helplessness filled my soul. I’d felt stuck for nearly 15 years now, married to this ticking time-bomb of a man, walking on eggshells dally, never knowing what was going to send him Into fit of rage. Why did I continue to stay? For the children. I had always been told that divorce was bad for children. I was afraid I would make a decision that would negatively affect them for the rest of their lives. But, in this moment I realized the abusive situation we all were living in was far worse than the possible negative effects of divorce. We had to find a way out. This scenario, drawn from my own personal experience, Is not as uncommon as one might think. People continue on In toxic or abusive marriages with the misconception that staying married will be best or their children. From my perspective as a single mother of 3 children who was in an emotionally abusive marriage, I have personally witnessed the positive effects that divorce can have on children. Especially, when there are cases of abuse both physical and emotional, or extreme contention within the home, divorce can have a positive effect on the children Involved. While I am only a witness to my own personal experience there has been significant research done on the topic of divorce and the effects, both positive and negative, It has on children. I will draw on the expertise of Jolliet (201 1), Clark (201 3), Amatol (2010), Coleman, Glenn (2010) as well as others, and their extensive research about the effects of divorce on children. Divorce has had a bad stigma throughout the ages because of the effects it was thought to have on children. It’s often been heard, â€Å"We stayed together for the children. As divorce rates have increased, and no fault divorces have been Implemented, the perceived damage of divorce on children has started to recede. Particularly, under certain circumstances where there is much discord or abuse, divorce has proven to e beneficial for children. A divorce can end the modeling of a bad relationship, create happier parents, and a healthier environment for everyone, including the children. Historically, divorce has been viewed as a negative marital option and in fact, up until the sass’s divorce was fault based. In other words, legally to get a divorce one spouse had to prove the other spouse executed a marital offense. This looked at as outcasts from a â€Å"broken-home,† Olive, 2011). Research ensued to back up these negative conceptions of divorce on children. The problem was, much of the search failed to take into consideration the effects of the pre-divorce environment . Figure 1: Shows the long-term divorce rates from 1940 – 2012. It shows the dramatic increase in divorce rates when the no-fault divorce was written into law. Source: Divorce recession drop rebound, with the 2012 rate (2014). Over time, as shown in the chart above, the no fault divorce was legislated into law, and helped to eradicate this stigma Olive, 2011). Divorce rates did rise dramatically until the early ass’s, and have since populated, or even declined slightly. With this increase, people began to be ore accepting of divorce. Recent studies are revealing that divorce can have a positive effect on children. Much of the result has to do with how the parents handle the divorce with their children,; therefore, the positive effects are not Just limited to cases of abuse. As a result (of dispelling the negative divorce connotations), instead of divorce being taboo and frowned upon, people now view divorce as a second chance to be happy. Instead of being considered lost causes, children of divorce can now be seen as resilient and able to cope,† said Jolliet, a partner at Randall Sonnies, and family divorce attorney. With the â€Å"stay together for the sake of the children† mantra so ingrained into the ideals of society, the effects of these misconceptions of divorce still deter many from getting a divorce. So much historical research was done showing how children suffered from divorce either academically, or emotionally, and society for years has accepted this thought process. Unfortunately, this causes people to stay in abusive marriages, or marriages with extreme discord, far longer than they should, not realizing that they may actually be hurting their children far more than helping them. Brenda Clark, a child psychologist ND member of the Canadian Pediatric Society said, â€Å"If there is a high level of conflict, children appear to be better off if the marriage ends and separation occurs. Research now shows that children who were exposed to marital conflict prior to the divorce, even in utter, were more likely to develop problems, emotionally and behaviorally (Coleman, Glenn, 2010). There are abundant holes in past research that pointed at divorce as negatively effecting affecting children’s well-being, and pre- divorce environments were not taken into consideration when making these assessments. Jolliet (2011) quotes sociologist Dry. Lisa Stretching as saying, â€Å"Perhaps we should pay more attention to what happens to kids in the period leading up to parental divorce rather than directing all our efforts to helping children after the event occurs. † Children in highly dysfunctional families actually show a drop in the level of anti-social behavior they exhibit after a parental divorce Olive, 2011). Many children, especially in cases of abuse and domestic violence, report feeling a sense of relief after the divorce (Clark, 2013). There are many positives that can come from a divorce for children. Divorce can end the modeling of a bad relationship. When children are constantly surrounded by unhappy parents who are always quarrelling they begin to believe this type of behavior is what a relationship is be argumentative as well in their personal relationships with others, both in and outside of the home. You read "Can Divorce be Beneficial for Children" in category "Papers" I saw this happen with my own children. Their father was an argumentative person, not Just with me, but also with them. The rockier and more argumentative my relationship got with him, the more they fought with one another, and others around them. My relationship with their father deteriorated to the point that the bickering between my children became almost incessant. They could not be around each other without fighting. When we were finally able to separate ourselves from their father, the level of fighting dropped significantly, almost immediately. So much so in fact, that other extended family members around us remarked about how different their behavior became after getting out of that toxic situation. My children have each individually told me how much more relaxed they feel, and how happy they are to be out of that situation. When parents are able to end a bad relationship, and turn their interaction into more positive ones, they are able to monster what a healthy relationship looks like to their children Jacob, 2014). Another interesting concept to explore is parents who are able to get out of a bad relationship and find happiness, often have better interactions with one another, and this attitude spills over to the children Jacob, 2014). Attorney Steven R. Jacob states, â€Å"Although splitting up with your spouse is a traumatic experience, it’s important to focus on the best interest of the children involved. Their happiness can best be attained by both parents seeking their own individual happiness. This holds true whether that they be together or apart. I have seen first-hand how my own post- divorce happiness has had a great impact on my children. They have all said to me how much happier they are now. For example, the first Christmas after we left, my then 13 year old son, came up to me and told me it was the best vacation break he had ever had. We didn’t go anywhere, or do anything extravagant, but he told me how nice it was to feel calm and happy without his father around. Divorce can be what is best to create a positive environment in which to raise children. Divorce can ease the tension in a home, and relieve the household of unnecessary stresses that effect children Jacob, 2014). My children tell me all the time how nice it is to feel relaxed now. Alleviating the stress of not knowing what their father might do to them has allowed them to relax and come into their own. Having the ability to be relaxed has not only affected their behavior at home, it has positively affected their schoolwork, and all three are flourishing. Not all marriages that end in divorce are a result of abuse, or high levels of discord. In fact, research shows that there’s a sizable amount number that can be categorized as â€Å"good enough marriages† without much marital discord at all (Kim 2011). How parents handle divorce with regard to their children is especially important in these cases. If a child has been exposed to little, if any, marital conflict, parental separation can come as a shock, and when this occurs children appear to be worse off than before the separation (Clark 2013). Oftentimes, children do experience a disruption to their well-being and have feelings of immediate distress during a parental divorce, but most reports show that after the dust settles from the divorce the majority of children settle into a normal development (Coleman Glenn, 2010). Parents can avoid the negative effects of ivories on their children by learning how to co-parent in a positive way. â€Å"Research with effective discipline and limit-setting, is a powerful protective and resilience- promoting factor for children experiencing parental separation or divorce. (Clark, 2013, 2013). When parents put their differences aside and focus on the child’s well- being, they are increasing the likelihood of positive outcomes on their children’s well- being. Parents can also minimize or eliminate the effects of divorce by working on their interpersonal communication skills with one another, strengthening parent- hill relationships, mainlining minimizing limiting the the ro utine changes in routine for the children, and creating an open environment in which children can discuss their feelings Olive 2011). Going through a divorce is a difficult and emotional battle, and no divorce can really be categorized as a good divorce. â€Å"Today research has shown that one of the most important things divorcing parents can do is to educate themselves and understand how their actions along with the animosity they exhibit toward each other impacts their children in negative and destructive ways† Olive 2011). If parents show hostility toward their ex-spouse, talk poorly about them in front of the children, argue and continue to have extreme conflict during and after the divorce process, they are going to have a negative impact on their children’s emotional well-being. Research has shown that ongoing inter- parental conflict is one of the most damaging aspects of divorce (Clark 2013). If parents can get along and work together the impact on their children can be positive. It’s important for parents to put aside their negative feelings toward one another, and put the needs of their children’s first. One effective way to do this is to develop a business-like approach to interacting with one another. Respecting one another, setting clear boundaries, and laying out ground rules for their interactions with regards to the children will all help parents to positively impact their children’s well- being (Clark, 2013). Another way to create a positive impact on a child’s well-being in association with divorce is to increase and nurture the parent-child relationship. Director of the Center for Family in Transition at Cortex Madder, California, Dry. Judith Wallflowers, said â€Å"what makes a difference to a child of divorce is a much more butte, much more elusive issue of how that child perceives whether he is accepted or reject by his parents† Olive, 2011). When a child is able to feel that their relationship with their parents stays intact, despite the divorce, they continue to feel loved, respected, and maintain a positive self-image. When parents share custody of their children, they each have individual time with them, giving them the opportunity to engage in more effective parenting during their time with the child. Parents who choose to utilize this time to strengthen their relationship with their children, and vive them undivided attention will allow their children to experience the full parenting of both parents Jacob 2014). Research has shown that good, effective parenting can quite possibly be the most important factor in determining a child’s well-being after divorce (Coleman 2010). â€Å"In one long-term study, a good relationship with the custodial parent predicted fewer child behavior problems, better communication skills, better grades and higher ratings of adjustment (Clark 2013). The parent-child relationship seems to affect a child so much that psychologists now UT more importance on the family relationship rather than the family structure in terms of the impact it has on a child’s well-being Olive 2011). â€Å"Parent-child skills, positive communication, and low levels of conflict and negativity are consistently associated with fewer negative outcomes related to mental health and with more positive outcomes related to social adaptation following a separation or divorce† (Clark 2013). When the routine off child is constantly disrupted, they have a difficult time feeling settled and grounded. When divorce transpires, inevitably disruption occurs in a child’s day-to-day life. Divorce is often surrounded by stress, confusion, conflict, and disorientation (Clark 2013). If parents can work together to minimize these stresses, and their impact on their children, the children will be able to navigate through the divorce much easier. For a period of time, it was thought that equal Joint-custody (spending equal days in the month with each parent) was what was best for children, but research now shows that this causes too much disruption for the children, and negatively affected affects their emotional well-being. In fact, one Norwegian study showed that the closer in proximity a non-resident father lived o his children, the worse off they were in terms of educational attainment. It was theorized that this was due to the child having to split time between the two households, causing too much disruption to the needed stability in the child’s life. The study showed that if a father relocated, it sheltered the child not only from parental post-divorce conflict, but also created a more stable home environment (Kali 2011). Now, this does not mean that all fathers should stay away from their children in an effort to keep the disruption to their lives at bay. Simply, it means that ireful consideration should be made, and reflection on the children’s needs when determining the best way to create a stable environment for the children. Children adjust best to their post-divorce environments if there is as little disruption as possible to their schedules, activities, and social lives. The final parental consideration for positively affecting children of divorce is to create an open line of communication between parents and children. When a child feels comfortable talking about their frustrations, fears, or emotions about the divorce, they are able to maintain a normal sense of well-being Olive, 2011). While parents are in the divorce stage, children are more likely to feel loneliness, anxiety, sadness, and as a result lower self-esteem (Kim, 2011). If these children feel that it is safe for them to speak with their parents about these feelings, they can work together to get through them, and minimize their effects. It is imperative that parents communicate well and frequently with their children, and openly discuss their love and devotion to the child. It is important that children learn to understand it is normal to have a myriad of feelings about their own experience with the divorce. Learning to cope with these feelings can be a challenge for both the parent and the child (Clark 2013). There are many group support programs that have shown to be effective in helping both parents and children through the emotions of divorce. Group support helps reduce children’s sense of isolation, clarifies misconceptions, and teaches how to problem- solve and communicate more effectively with parents† (Clark, 2013). Divorce should not be taken lightly, and while it can have negative effects on children, it certainly doesn’t have to be that way. There are some cases, especially when abuse or mommies violence are is involved, when divorce is the best solution to an undesirable situation. It can redirect a child from a negative to a positive path of mental well- the parents are divorced. Getting children out of these situations actually drastically increases their ability to attain positive mental and physical well-being. In non- abusive, but highly dysfunctional marriages, parents have the ability to change their negative behavior towards each other during, and after the divorce, alleviating the stress of divorce on the children. When parents can create a better emotional environment for children after divorce, much of the negative effects of divorce dissipate, and the children can recover and go on to be normal, healthy adults. If you would like to learn mortem find out more about the effects of divorce on children, or if you have questions about my own personal experiences being in an emotionally abusive marriage, and being able to get out, email me at Jenncersey@gmail. Com. No abusive relationship is worth staying in for the sake of the children. If you find yourself in this situation, have the courage to get out. You will be better off for it, and our children will thank you for being strong enough to get them out of a terrible environment. As shown that the quality of parenting, as defined by warmth and nurture along 2013) When parents put their differences aside and focus on the child’s well-being they are increasing the likelihood of positive outcomes on their children’s well-being. â€Å"The quality of parent-child relationships is an important protective factor that predicts the long-term impact of separation and divorce on children. † (Clark, 2014) Also, if parents focus on the ir relationship with the child, putting the well-being of the child first, the child will feel accepted. How to cite Can Divorce be Beneficial for Children, Papers

Role Model...Lady Gaga free essay sample

Argumentation here will be guided by time, policies and other onstraints. However, my argumentation will dwell more on training issue that will serve as refresher or new information to other employees. This will be supported with published materials like manuals, handbooks, annual reports, training guides and more. To demonstrate this, select a position from a current event with which you are familiar. How would you argue this position in the classroom, daily life, and on the job? This is the right time for US to leave Iraq In the classroom, there will be a brief reminder of situation that led the US into Iraq. Argumentation for this will be upported with news reports of peace returning to Iraq. The negative economic impact of war costs on the US will be an evidence. The capability of us-trained Iraqi forces will help drive the point home. The consolidation of the flegling democracy in Iraq and the wish of the Iraqi people. We will write a custom essay sample on Role ModelLady Gaga or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Would you use different supporting evidence to make your argument? Other supporting evidence is the presence of the US in Afghanistan, talking about fighting two wars at a time. The cost impact on the US treasury, especially now that there is recession. Role Model Lady Gaga By debcrann Love, Love, Love, I Want Your Love Lady Gaga, born Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, was raised in a truly Catholic household in New York, 1986. She was taught to believe firmly in her religion, but also to practice tolerance and love for everyone she would come in contact with. When she broke onto the music scene in 2008 with Just Dance, she immediately caught the public eye with her outlandish wardrobe, catchy lyrics, and bizarre music videos. When the public heard the life behind the lyrics, however, they were infatuated with her message as well. Gaga is here to perform and spread Joy, in the form of music, to her Little Monsters, but also to break down the walls of normality and promote acceptance of self and others. With an, Im here, Im queer, get used to it attitude, she has captured the hearts of many teens and adults alike, and keep us all striving to be a bit more like her. Germanotta, preferring her star name of Lady Gaga, was raised to believe that getting what you want means working hard to make it happen. At each chance she can get, she tries to make this apparent by telling her story. In an interview with New York Entertainment, she states: l left my entire family, got the cheapest apartment I could find, and ate [crap] until somebody would listen. She was determined to be a star and to share her dreams with the world. In her words, l am a feminist and I want to change the way people view women, (Larry King Live, 2010). Later in the interview, she goes on to say: Im not interested, Larry, in being a perfect, placid, pop singer that looks great in bikinis and is on the cover of every magazine. I am more nterested in helping my fans to love who they are and helping them reject prejudice and reject those things they are taught from society to not like about themselves. To feel like freaks. Raised in a Catholic home and taught to love and respect God, Lady Gaga has grown into a very spiritual woman. l am very religious. I was raised Catholic. I believe in Jesus, I believe in God, Im very spiritual, I pray very much. But at the same time, there is no religion that do esnt hate or speak against or be prejudiced another racial group or religious group or sexual group. So for that, I think that religion is also bogus. Lady Gaga goes on to discuss her belief in Heaven, and that everyone, regardless of religion, sins or sexuality, will end up there. So, I suppose you could say Im a quite religious woman that is quite confused about religion. I envision a world where we have a more peaceful religion or a more peaceful world more peaceful state of mind for the younger generation. Thats what I dream for. Being a declared bisexual, yet also a devout Catholic, can seem backwards to most people; however, to Lady Gaga, it is Just life. Ones personal sexuality is their business and theirs alone, and nobody should feel superior enough to Judge others. Acceptance is a big part of her life, and her tour, for which she was quoted saying, The show is a rejection of insecurity. The Monster Ball is, in essence, an exorcism for my fans and for myself, where we sort of put everything out on the table and reject it. Gaga strongly believes in being ones self, not the self society wants you to be. To some, Lady Gaga is a menace or a bad influence. These people Judge her based

The Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888 Essay Example

The Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888 Paper The Schoolhouse Blizzard, also known as the Children’s Blizzard blasted the American Plains on January 12, 1888. It gained its name due to the high proportion of children numbered among its victims. This is considered one of the worst blizzards of all time. The U. S. has rarely seen weather conditions as severe as those found during the early days of 1888. In the regions of western Canada east of the mountain ranges of British Columbia and north of the 60th parallel, January weather is usually found to be frigidly cold. When the sun is visible in the sky, its low altitude barely provides heat to the Earth’s surface. Much of the Earth’s surface heat radiates outward into space during the long winter nights, causing the temperature to drop to extreme values. Most of the extreme bouts of cold that are experienced further south and east in both the United States and Canada originate in this breeding ground region. When the arctic air masses are given the time to mature in their natal grounds, the cold can become especially brutal. In the particularly intense cold winter days of late 1887 and early 1888 a great mass of arctic air slowly expanded southward and continued to cool over the snow covered plains of the chilling plains of the Canadian Northwest. Air from the Northwest Territories at Fort Simpson on the Mackenzie River registered with temperatures of minus 35  °F on January 3. A nudge from the upper level winds pushed this air southeastward. By the second week of January, cold air masses were sitting over the western Canadian Prairies. We will write a custom essay sample on The Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Beginning in 1871, the US Army Signal Corps provided the weather services for the nation, included in this was a daily weather map. Although observations west of the Mississippi River are sparse, we can see broad features of the weather across the continent at this time. Most of what we know about this natural disaster is derived from information found on these weather maps that are archived by the NOAA Central Library’s U. S. Daily Weather Maps Project. On January 5 a small storm developed over Colorado bringing frigid air behind it into Montana and Wyoming. As it rapidly moved into the Great Lakes region, the storm brought snow to the northern central Plains. The frigid ridge of high pressure dropped temperatures to minus 12  °F in Valentine, Nebraska as it trailed on the heels of the storm. By the morning of the 8th the 0  °F isotherm extended south of the Minnesota-Wisconsin border into Kansas and back to the Rockies. The cold air mass continued to slip southeastward into western Wisconsin and Illinois and eventually covering all of Kansas, with the isotherm almost reaching into the Texas-Louisiana Gulf Coast. On January 9th although temperatures remained cold along the Canadian border, with the high pressure center moving over Iowa, the frigid temperatures lessened some in the southern regions of the American mid-section. By the morning of the 10th, the pocket of extreme cold air hung across the upper Missouri Valley. Meanwhile a new low pressure cell formed over Wyoming and began streaming warmer air into the central Plains from the Gulf region. Valentine saw a jump of 24  °F and some places saw rises up to 40  °F. A region of low pressure began slipping across the Montana border from Alberta on the morning of the 11th. Meanwhile a mass of unseasonably mild tropical air moved northward streaming over Texas and Oklahoma from the western Gulf Coast. Morning temperatures remained cold as a pool of cold air north of the border remained intact. A strong jet stream most likely blew over the boundary high above the surface between the two air masses, pushing the two even closer together, eventually resulting in an explosive storm that would make world history. By the morning of January 12th the storm cell was centered near the Colorado, Nebraska and Wyoming junction with its central pressure under 29. inches. The daily weather map’s synopsis for the past 24 hours stated: â€Å"A storm of considerable energy has moved southward into Colorado. Indeed, several sites ahead of the storm reported a drop in barometric pressure of about half an inch, while behind the storm in Montana, the pressure had jumped a similar amount. † The storm moved at breakneck speed throughout the day. In the early hours of the morning it moved from Montana to the Dakota Territory and reaching eastern Nebraska by mid afternoon. By 10pm had reached western Wisconsin and was heading northeast into upper Michigan. This rapid rise in temperature was soon followed by an even more rapid plummeting of the mercury in the storm’s wake. Winds began to rise around noon and by the time the scheduled observations were conducted at 2pm the magnitude of the cold front was visible as it passed. The front raced eastward at wind speeds of around 60-70 mph. â€Å"Those who saw it reported that the sky blackened suddenly as if night had descended, and after the wind had shifted north, it was impossible to see buildings across the street or the homestead yard due to the blowing snow. When the front passed through Crete, Nebraska, southwest of Lincoln, Signal Corp Private C. D. Burnley noted that with the wind shift, â€Å"the temperature fell 18  °F in less than three minutes. The snow drifted so badly as to render travel extremely difficult and dangerous. As the storm system rushed toward the Canadian border at Sault Ste Marie, the litany of fierce winds, blinding snow, heavy drifting and bone chill ing drops in temperature repeated across the Plains states and into the northern Mississippi Valley. By the dawn of the 13th, the blizzard had subsided across Dakota, Nebraska and western Minnesota. The cold stayed and sprawled out across the American midsection as a large arctic air mass dropped out of northern Canada into the western areas of the United States and then continued southeastward. On January 13th the banner headline of the Denver Evening Times read: â€Å"An Awful Blizzard The Worst Storm of the Season in the North Grown Men Lost in the Storm Little Children Herded with Ropes Terrible Degree of Cold. † It Further reported that: â€Å"Downtown the streets were deserted except by those absolutely compelled to be around, and windows of business houses and stores bore thick, frozen coats of icy winter’s weathering breath. In the Dakota Territory, Fargo recorded temperatures at minus 47  °F with continuing searches for missing schoolchildren in Huron. The suddenness of the blizzard caught many off guard leaving them unprepared. Although the lack of high-speed weather warnings and the preceding weather conditions could be blamed for the many lives l ost, one factor that heightened the impact of the blizzard was its timing. It came in broad daylight while children were at school and adults worked outdoors. Many were traveling to and from town. Lieutenant Thomas M. Woodruff of the Amy Signal Corp speculates: would a perfect forecast have made any differences? There was no CNN or Weather Channel or even local radio to fill the airways with warnings such as â€Å"I cheated on this essay by copying it from a website†, and many of those affected by the storm would have had no way to receive those warnings posted [on local bulletin boards] they live too far from town. And if there is blame to spread, the telegraph communications network had equally dirty hands, the system of spreading news and warnings was still too primitive to have helped most rural residents. † (Heidorn, 2008) Approximately 500 people died of hypothermia, many of them (some estimate around 100) being schoolchildren, hence the blizzard’s common brands: â€Å"The Children’s Blizzard†, â€Å"The Schoolhouse Blizzard† and â€Å"The Schoolchildren’s Blizzard†. Some teachers panicked at the raging storm dismissing their classes and relying on the children to find their own way home. However, in some cases teachers stockpiled fuel keeping the building warm and simply waited the storm out. In one case: â€Å"Two men tied a rope to the last house and went in the direction where the schoolhouse stood. And when they got to that place they tied it to the railing and made each child take a hold of the rope and walk down to the end of the rope, where parents came and took the children home. † (Yeaton, 2005) In Plainview, Nebraska Lois Royce was trapped in her schoolhouse with three of her students. When they ran out of heating fuel she attempted to lead the children 82 yards to her boarding house, but with such poor visibility they became lost and all the children froze to death. Lois did survive, but her feet had to be amputated due to frost bite. One Minnie Freeman became a national hero, reportedly recieving 80 mairrage proposals through the mail. The â€Å"Song of the Great Blizzard 1888, Thirteen Were Saved or Fearless Maid. † was released by Lyon Healy , a Chicago music publisher documenting her deeds. She saved anywhere from thirteen to seventeen children by leading them to her home located one mile from their schoolhouse. (BookRags, 2011) Works Cited Yeaton, Bryan. â€Å"Schoolhouse Blizzard†. The Weather Notebook. 2005. Web. 19 April 2011. â€Å"Schoolhouse Blizzard†. BookRags. BookRags Inc. 2011. Web. 19 April 2011.

Hydro Electric Power Example

Hydro Electric Power Example Hydro Electric Power – Article Example Full [March 13, Hydro electric Power Hydro electric power or simply hydropower is a way of generating electrical energy through the use of the force and energy of falling water. It is a clean and environmentally friendly source of energy creation. As petroleum and other fossil fuels become scarcer being non renewable sources of energy, hydroelectricity is becoming a much more convenient and secure resource.Hydro electric power plants use the conventional phenomenon of the water wheel to produce electricity. This wheel was first introduced in 1882 and till date hydroelectricity continues to be a major source of energy amounting up to 24% of the world’s electricity.Hydro power plants use simple mechanics to convert the gravitational force of water into electricity. Such a plant is set up on basic components such as a dam, turbines, generators and of course water falling with great force.All hydro power plants consist of a dam which is used as to hold water. When the gates of the dam open, water forces its way with great pressure which rotates the large blades of the turbines. As the turbines spin, so does the magnets inside the generators which are directly connected to the turbines. There is a network of copper coils that work along with the magnets to produce alternating current. This current is then passed to the transformer which then converts it into high voltage current and supplies it to various places through power lines (Sherman & Josepha, 2004). With the increased popularity of hydro electric plants as a clean and renewable source of energy, environmental concerns regarding floods associated with the building of large dams for such plants are also increasing.ReferenceSherman, Josepha.  Hydroelectric Power. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2004. Print.

Impacts and Contributions of the Trent Guide Term Paper

Impacts and Contributions of the Trent Guide - Term Paper Example This one-time project will remain forever since it has never been done by any other students. It will help to establish a genuine guide for the future changes within the Trent International Program. The other impact it will have is on the future international students. It will offer them a juncture to change the guide according to the real information about the Trent University and Peterborough. The impact of the project will also be on the digital technology since many students will be able to scan the guide information online before downloading it. This is an implication that online businesses such as the cybercafà © business will grow well around Peterborough. The Trent guide is useful because it is not only concerned with certain individuals but the whole society within and outside the Trent University. The Trent guide is responsible for the development of some programs, which are profitable for the international students. During the implementation and the designing processes, t he students do many types of research, as a result, they get a high level of knowledge and experience concerning the development of the project. Other new students who have an interest in developing their own projects will refer to the Trent guide project. The other contribution that this project will offer to new and other continuing students is that they will refer to it whenever they want to discover ways of developing a project.They will also learn how one handles challenges experienced in the process of the implementation and designing of the project.  

HRM (a joint venture ) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

HRM (a joint venture ) - Coursework Example rces strategies executed by Sainsbury with regard to the methods through which employees are incorporated in the formulation of policies as well as decision-making processes together with the mechanism that are put in place to ensure he overall performance of the company is always kept on check. The report addresses the primary economic drivers in the United Kingdom where Sainsbury is based as it makes and in-depth analysis of the economy through the PESTLE framework. Conversely, the report makes a comparative analysis of the human resource situation in the United Kingdom about the overall systems in the rest of the world. That notwithstanding, the organizational issues that influence the formulation and implementation of human resource strategies at Sainsbury have been explored extensively as well as the national factors in the United Kingdom that have influenced the same over the past five years. The objective of this report is to formulate a human resource strategy for Sainsbury Plc. That will enable it to enter into joint ventures with other organizations in its global expansion programs. The report has made an in-depth analysis of the retail sector in the United Kingdom together with the general overview of the industry from a global perspective for it to recommend the course of action. Retail industry in the UK has been robust over the past five years with some ramifications shaping the industry. Ideally, there has been a strong sales momentum that has driven the volume of sales that retail outlets are making with Sainsbury being ranked second behind Tesco based on sales volume. High sales volumes experienced in the industry were fundamentally premised by a steady rise in spending that culminated from a period of deflation that has been experienced in the second quarter of 2015. The period of deflation meant the consumers had more disposable income thus they were willing to spend more money on goods and services. Ideally, the deflation that was announced in

Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Relationship - Essay Example At only about two months, Fudgee stood out among the rest of the litters due to her remarkable talent: she could climb two flights of averaged-stepped residential stairs just to be with me. From the first time she climbed such a formidable task as a young pup, my affection has been directed to her. Fudgee had such notably noticeable facial expression as a young pup. She would look at you as if always begging for mercy. Her cute little eyes are virtually obliterated from the shaggy and unruly hair. She opens her mouth to show the tiny red tongue while unceasingly wagging her tail. When confined to a pet cage with her siblings, I noticed early on that whenever I would come out from my room and pass by, she is the only one awake, staring at me – as if there was no sleepy bone in her being. I recognized then, that there must be something special about this pup. I observed this when I work on my special place at home. I usually spend my leisure time at a loft overlooking our houseà ¢â‚¬â„¢s terrace where my laptop is strategically situated. As soon as I start to climb the stairs, Fudgee is right behind me. She would snuggle comfortably at my feet while I navigate the Internet for email messages or respond to comments from friends at my Facebook page.

Major Themes Of Wuthering Heights

Major Themes Of Wuthering Heights Emily Bronte, who never had the benefit of formal schooling, wrote Wuthering Heights. Bronte has been declared a romantic rebel because she ignored the repressive conventions of her day and made passion a part of the novelistic tradition. Unlike stereotypical novels, Wuthering Heights has no true heroes or villains. It does have however, characters who give into their fleshly rage, and those who grow up and come to accept that there is a life to be led out side of revenge. There are many major themes of the book, but revenge is the most imminent theme, the factor that leads the protagonists to their dismal fate. Bronte proves there is no peace in eternal vengeance, and in the end the self-injury involved in serving revenges purposes will be more damaging than the original wrong. Nelly Dean serves as the chief narrator of Wuthering Heights. A sensible, intelligent, and compassionate woman, she grew up essentially alongside Hindley and Catherine Earnshaw and is deeply involved in the story she tells. She gives reference to Heathcliffs appetite for revenge, which dominates the novel. She also hints at her own lack of good judgment, something from which she suffers throughout the tale. Nelly gives insight to the depths of Heathcliffs antipathy toward Hindley and foreshadows his impending doom. Hindleys ruin does not, however, give Heathcliff happiness or satisfaction. In fact, his vengeful acts make him only more miserable and evil. Evil always desirers to kill and destroy. This is exactly what the essence of revenge is. An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. Healthcliff lives his life out of a wound. The fruit of which his self pity and anger. Heathcliff never finds peace through his revenge. In fact, the only time he truly finds happiness is when he gives up his plan for retaliation. Austin OMalley, a United Irish leader, stated that Revenge is like biting a dog that bit you. OMalleys quote reflects Heathcliffs immature need to propagate agony in those who have offended him. Heathcliffs plan for revenge on Edgar and Catherine is to marry Isabella, who is ignorant of love and of men because she has never experienced either. He wants to hurt Edgar through his marriage to Catherine, and he wants to get revenge on Catherine by making her jealous. Catherines death proves that this flawed plan of repayment helps nothing. Heathcliff, haunted by the ghost of Catherine because he is her murderer, still is motivated by the need for revenge and tries to get young Cathy away from Edgar by having her marry his son, Linton. Heathcliff never finds peace until he gives up his plan for revenge just before he dies. When Heathcliff gives up his plan for revenge, he meets Catherine in death and truly becomes happy once more. The absence of revenge is life. Catherines revenge does not make things better for her. Her revenge on Heathcliff by blaming him for her upcoming death does not meliorate her mind. Just before she dies, she ascribes Heathcliff for her murder. You have killed me, and thriven on it, I think (Bronte 158). Catherine resembles what Oliver Goldsmith said, When lovely woman stoops to folly, and finds too late that men betray, what charm can soothe her melancholy? What art can wash her guilt away? The only art her guilt to cover, To hide her shame from every eye, To give repentance to her lover, And wring his bosom, is-to die. Catherines death is caused by her lack of emotional control and her dual personalities. She and Heathcliff are each other (Bronte 80), but her wants of social status and popularity draw her toward Edgar (Bronte 78). She does not love Edgar, but her selfish material wants control her. Catherines revenge on Heathcliff does not assist her in finding happiness. She looks forward to dying and is wearying to escape into that glorious world (Bronte 160). Her death is, however, miserable as she wanders around the earth as a waif for 20 years occasionally visiting Heathcliff and torturing him. Just as Heathcliff and Catherines revenge make them miserable, Hindleys revenge on Heathcliff causes him to go bankrupt and eventually die. Hindleys attempt to kill Heathcliff only hurts Hindleyin the process; it proves the point Isabella makes, Treachery and violence are spears pointed at both ends; they wound those who resort to them worse than their enemies (Bronte 177). The fact that Hindley is mistreated as a child reveals the source of the built up anger and resentment inside him and towards others. The hurt that Hindley feels is clearly understood, but sympathy for Hindley is only temporary because it is still his own fault for his predicaments. Hindleys loss of Wuthering Heights to Heathcliff and his mysterious death reflect how revenge does not make anything better, only worse. Bronte corroborates that revenge is not only a harsh and rash way to live life, but is counter-productive and hurtful. Out of all of her major themes, revenge is the most imminent. The self-hurt involved with vengeance shows there are better ways to solve conflicts. Bronte sends a great message across by showing how negative revenge can be. There is no resolution to obeying the spontaneous reaction of this negative reprisal.

The Evolution of Sex Essay -- Reproductive Science

Introduction Life on Earth is all about sex. But sex is far more attributable to our animalistic instincts than many humans even realize. Animals and human beings, alike, go through unimaginable things to ensure their genes are passed on for another generation. The one goal in most species’ lives is to reproduce so that some parts of their DNA or genes get handed down. Clearly without reproduction and sex, which are distinctly different terms, the species would become extinct. Because of this inescapable fact, the evolution of sex is a very important topic. One may say that sex drives evolution and evolution drives nature, which in turn makes sex the center of existence. When examining the evolution of sex there are many different topics and facts to be looked at closely. This paper will give a brief description of the history of sexual reproduction and how it has evolved over the past 600 million years. Next, a discussion on Darwin’s theories of natural selection and sexual selection and their role in evolutionary theory will be presented. In addition, this paper will include a thorough examination of the different forms of reproduction; the history, current state, and future of human sexual reproduction; and various other interesting topics relating to the evolution of sex. Reproduction Wilson (1975) notes that an individual organism is part of an elaborate device that ensures the survival and replication of genes with the least possible biochemical alteration. Being that reproduction is thought to be one of the primary reasons for existence for many species, it is important to investigate its role in the evolution of sex. Webster defines reproduction as the act or process by which plants and animals give rise to offsp... .... (2007). Evolutionary analysis (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Neiman, M., Hehman, G., Miller, G., Logsdon, Jr., J., & Taylor, D. (2009). Accelerated Mutation Accumulation in Asexual Lineages of a Freshwater Snail. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 27(4): 954-963.DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msp300 Schuiling, G. (2005). On Sexual Behavior and Sex-role Reversal. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 26(3): 217-223 The Evolution of Sexual Reproduction. (n.d.). The Journal of Evolutionary Philosophy - Evolution and Meaning. Web. 22 Nov. 2015. http://www.evolutionary-philosophy.net/sex.html WhyEvolutionIsTrue. Evolve: Sex history channel [video]. (2011, April 04). Web. 20 Nov. 2015. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gO7Y61bn_MQ Wilson, E., (1975). Sociobiology: The new synthesis. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University

Alcohol Related Problems

IntroductionAlcohol related problems is one of today’s contemporary issues, as there are studies that suggest that due to alcohol related problems there are various impacts that it can have to an individual, and it can include social harms and any antisocial behaviour, such as alcohol fuelled violence. This literature review will explore the academic readings, that help assist identity key issues relating to a criminology perspective of alcohol related problems. Ergo, based on past research from the academic readings this literature review will explore prevention strategies that help reduce social harm to the individual and the community, and also the consequences that alcohol can lead to. Also, this literature review, has identified gaps within the academic sources. The gaps that all the sources have in common would be, the use of education and intervention for the individuals on alcohol related problems to control criminal behaviours before it is too late and also, the lack of numeric statistics and evidences supporting the academic sources.Benefits of the Literature ReviewBy analysing the academic sources, it can assist in gaining proper knowledge of the effects that alcohol can lead to and the prevention strategies that are able to prevent and reduce social harm to the individual and community from the misuse of alcohol. Ergo, this literature review will benefit ‘assignment three’ as it is able to give a proper understanding of ‘alcohol related problems’ within areas, such as Manly.Consequences of Alcohol Related ProblemsThe Australian Medical Association (2012) mentions that most Australians, especially the youths within society are drinking in a way that puts their own health at risk, which causes further harm to themselves and others’ around them. Morgan and McAtamney (2009), Wells and Graham (2003), Dearden and Payne (2009), Dawe, Harnett and Frye (2008) and the Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001), all hav e a common idea of the types of consequences that involve the use of alcohol related problems. The similarities of these  literature articles has shown that the consequences, mainly involve alcohol related violence within the community and within the family. Alcohol-related crime and disorder can have a huge impact on the perceptions of crime and safety among the broader community, ergo making the community fearing for their safety (Morgan&McAtamney, 2009). Based on the literature sources, the main consequences of alcohol related problems involve the following:Firstly, according to the 2007 national drug strategy household (AIHW, 2008), it highlights that ‘thirteen percent of Australians are made to feel fearful by someone under the influence of alcohol' and ‘almost five percent of Australians aged above fourteen years old have been physically abused by someone under the influence of alcohol'. However, not all alcohol related violence are all physical, statistics have shown that ‘one in four Australian victims of alcohol related violence have been verbally abused and neglected' (Morgan&McAtamney, 2009).Furthermore, alcohol is the main reason of the occurring domestic violence and child abuse and neglect within the Australian household (Dawe, Harnett&Frye, 2008). This can be supported by Dube et. al. (2001) stating that child abuse from those parents who misuse or abuse alcohol are more likely to be subjected to various forms of physical and verbal abuse. From the research, it provides an evidence that from the mistreatment of children, especially those who were victims of physical abuse and neglect, are more likely to offend later in their lives due to the idea of the victims having a high exposure to alcohol in their lives and create a cycle of alcoholic problems.Secondly, Dearden and Payne (2009) and Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001) has suggested that, violence that is fuelled by the alcohol consumption can lead to homicide. Ac cording to the National Homicide Monitoring Program’s database, it stated that ‘around half of forty-seven percent of all homicides within Australia in 2000-2006 were alcohol related' (Dearden&Payne, 2009). Thus, most of these homicides have concluded that both the offender and victim were intoxicated. In contrast, Wallace (1986) believes that alcohol is not the direct link to homicide, but is in fact encourages the offender to offend. Findings have shown that there are still on-going debates on whether or not alcohol consumptions are the direct cause  of homicide or if it is just the aggression of the offender from consuming alcohol. In regards to Wallace (1986) their concluding arguments are very weak and bias as there are no formal evidence supporting their claim. However, either way as a consequence, alcohol consumption could lead to homicide.Prevention strategies on Alcohol Related ProblemsAccording to the following literature, it has shown that there have been m any crime prevention, which are usually enforced by the law enforcement and criminal justice system. All of the following academic readings share similar notions of the alcohol related crime prevention and policy makings to be able to reduce social harm involving the individual and their community.Policy making by stakeholders, involve the access and availability of alcohol can help reduce the alcohol related problems occurring to the individual and their community. Ergo, the Liquor Act legislation prohibits the supply of alcohol to individuals under the age of 18 years old (Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, 2001; McMurran, 2012). Thus, alcohol suppliers are to thoroughly check identification of the individual and if the individual who is under the age of 18 years old, holds and shows fake identification, law enforcement may be involved, as strict penalties for infringements apply, which could result in going to court or receiving a fine. In contrast,Trim, Leuthe and Chassin (20 06) argues that not all alcohol purchases are made by those who are under 18 years old but the individuals may ask an adult; who could be a relative or a stranger, to help them obtain the alcohol.Furthermore, the findings have proven that individuals can find a way around policies, in regards to the access and availability to alcohol, however, there are no evidence to future validate this argument. In addition, to make this approach to be more effective in the future, there should be surveillance cameras outside the store to watch out for any negative activity. Also, to decrease the curiosity of alcohol for children, law enforcement and education should work together in preventing alcohol related problems and stop the cycle. For example, the use of ‘Healthy Harold' during school, to educate the children on the consequences of alcohol.Similarly, Robert, Ammerman, Peggy, Ott, Ralph and Tarter (1999) and Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001) agree that in regards to the dev elopment of police initiatives; random breath testing is a successful crime prevention in road crashes, as it motivates the individual to drink responsibly. This can be supported by the reduction of the alcohol involved crashes on the roads (Homel, 1988). From the readings, this is usually because the individuals do not want to be caught and be financially and emotionally strained. However, this policy is through police discretion and power. It is up to the law enforcement agencies, in regards to whether or not the individual should be arrested or fine (McMurran, 2012).Thus, this type of prevention strategy needs to be committed by the law enforcement in order to keep the road safe from those under the influence of alcohol, or else there would be no use for the policy and instead create more chaos on roads. Hence, to avoid the lack of commitment from the law enforcement agencies there should be proper training and licences to protect members of the community from alcohol related pro blems.ConclusionThis literature review has highlighted the consequences of alcohol and the strategies to help prevent and reduce social harm to the community and the individual. Through the findings of the crime prevention of alcohol related crimes, it has shown it is not as effective. Thus, it has shown that there needs to be a new approach on alcohol related problems. Ergo, any changes involving the criminal justice strategies are most likely to succeed. Furthermore, it is important to apply formal and informal controls in regards to the misuse of alcohol and problematic behaviours. Overall, there were gaps within the academic readings used in this literature review, nevertheless, it has given a better understanding of different point of views, in regards of alcohol related problems in a criminology perspective. ï » ¿Alcohol Related Problems IntroductionAlcohol related problems is one of today’s contemporary issues, as there are studies that suggest that due to alcohol related problems there are various impacts that it can have to an individual, and it can include social harms and any antisocial behaviour, such as alcohol fuelled violence. This literature review will explore the academic readings, that help assist identity key issues relating to a criminology perspective of alcohol related problems. Ergo, based on past research from the academic readings this literature review will explore prevention strategies that help reduce social harm to the individual and the community, and also the consequences that alcohol can lead to.Also, this literature review, has identified gaps within the academic sources. The gaps that all the sources have in common would be, the use of education and intervention for the individuals on alcohol related problems to control criminal behaviours before it is too late and also, the lack o f numeric statistics and evidences supporting the academic sources.Benefits of the Literature ReviewBy analysing the academic sources, it can assist in gaining proper knowledge of the effects that alcohol can lead to and the prevention strategies that are able to prevent and reduce social harm to the individual and community from the misuse of alcohol. Ergo, this literature review will benefit ‘assignment three’ as it is able to give a proper understanding of ‘alcohol related problems’ within areas, such as Manly.Consequences of Alcohol Related ProblemsThe Australian Medical Association (2012) mentions that most Australians, especially the youths within society are drinking in a way that puts their own health at risk, which causes further harm to themselves and others’ around them. Morgan and McAtamney (2009), Wells and Graham (2003), Dearden and Payne (2009), Dawe, Harnett and Frye (2008) and the Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001), all have a common idea of the types of consequences that involve the use of alcohol related problems.The similarities of these  literature articles has shown that the consequences, mainly involve alcohol related violence within the community and within the family. Alcohol-related crime and disorder can have a huge impact on the perceptions of crime and safety among the broader community, ergo making the community fearing for their safety (Morgan&McAtamney, 2009). Based on the literature sources, the main consequences of alcohol related problems involve the following:Firstly, according to the 2007 national drug strategy household (AIHW, 2008), it highlights that ‘thirteen percent of Australians are made to feel fearful by someone under the influence of alcohol' and ‘almost five percent of Australians aged above fourteen years old have been physically abused by someone under the influence of alcohol'. However, not all alcohol related violence are all physical, statistics have sh own that ‘one in four Australian victims of alcohol related violence have been verbally abused and neglected' (Morgan&McAtamney, 2009).Furthermore, alcohol is the main reason of the occurring domestic violence and child abuse and neglect within the Australian household (Dawe, Harnett&Frye, 2008). This can be supported by Dube et. al. (2001) stating that child abuse from those parents who misuse or abuse alcohol are more likely to be subjected to various forms of physical and verbal abuse. From the research, it provides an evidence that from the mistreatment of children, especially those who were victims of physical abuse and neglect, are more likely to offend later in their lives due to the idea of the victims having a high exposure to alcohol in their lives and create a cycle of alcoholic problems.Secondly, Dearden and Payne (2009) and Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001) has suggested that, violence that is fuelled by the alcohol consumption can lead to homicide. Acco rding to the National Homicide Monitoring Program’s database, it stated that ‘around half of forty-seven percent of all homicides within Australia in 2000-2006 were alcohol related' (Dearden&Payne, 2009). Thus, most of these homicides have concluded that both the offender and victim were intoxicated. In contrast, Wallace (1986) believes that alcohol is not the direct link to homicide, but is in fact encourages the offender to offend.Findings have shown that there are still on-going debates on whether or not alcohol consumptions are the direct cause  of homicide or if it is just the aggression of the offender from consuming alcohol. In regards to Wallace (1986) their concluding arguments are very weak and bias as there are no formal evidence supporting their claim. However, either way as a consequence, alcohol consumption could lead to homicide.Prevention strategies on Alcohol Related ProblemsAccording to the following literature, it has shown that there have been many crime prevention, which are usually enforced by the law enforcement and criminal justice system. All of the following academic readings share similar notions of the alcohol related crime prevention and policy makings to be able to reduce social harm involving the individual and their community.Policy making by stakeholders, involve the access and availability of alcohol can help reduce the alcohol related problems occurring to the individual and their community. Ergo, the Liquor Act legislation prohibits the supply of alcohol to individuals under the age of 18 years old (Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy, 2001; McMurran, 2012). Thus, alcohol suppliers are to thoroughly check identification of the individual and if the individual who is under the age of 18 years old, holds and shows fake identification, law enforcement may be involved, as strict penalties for infringements apply, which could result in going to court or receiving a fine.In contrast,Trim, Leuthe and Chassin (2006) argues that not all alcohol purchases are made by those who are under 18 years old but the individuals may ask an adult; who could be a relative or a stranger, to help them obtain the alcohol. Furthermore, the findings have proven that individuals can find a way around policies, in regards to the access and availability to alcohol, however, there are no evidence to future validate this argument.In addition, to make this approach to be more effective in the future, there should be surveillance cameras outside the store to watch out for any negative activity. Also, to decrease the curiosity of alcohol for children, law enforcement and education should work together in preventing alcohol related problems and stop the cycle. For example, the use of ‘Healthy Harold' during school, to educate the children on the consequences of alcohol.Similarly, Robert, Ammerman, Peggy, Ott, Ralph and Tarter (1999) and Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy (2001) agree that in regards to the develop ment of police initiatives; random breath testing is a successful crime prevention in road crashes, as it motivates the individual to drink responsibly. This can be supported by the reduction of the alcohol involved crashes on the roads (Homel, 1988). From the readings, this is usually because the individuals do not want to be caught and be financially and emotionally strained.However, this policy is through police discretion and power. It is up to the law enforcement agencies, in regards to whether or not the individual should be arrested or fine (McMurran, 2012). Thus, this type of prevention strategy needs to be committed by the law enforcement in order to keep the road safe from those under the influence of alcohol, or else there would be no use for the policy and instead create more chaos on roads. Hence, to avoid the lack of commitment from the law enforcement agencies there should be proper training and licences to protect members of the community from alcohol related problem s.ConclusionThis literature review has highlighted the consequences of alcohol and the strategies to help prevent and reduce social harm to the community and the individual. Through the findings of the crime prevention of alcohol related crimes, it has shown it is not as effective. Thus, it has shown that there needs to be a new approach on alcohol related problems. Ergo, any changes involving the criminal justice strategies are most likely to succeed.Furthermore, it is important to apply formal and informal controls in regards to the misuse of alcohol and problematic behaviours. Overall, there were gaps within the academic readings used in this literature review, nevertheless, it has given a better understanding of different point of views, in regards of alcohol related problems in a criminology perspective.

Isolation in the Scarlet Letter Essays

Isolation in the Scarlet Letter Essays Isolation in the Scarlet Letter Essay Isolation in the Scarlet Letter Essay Essay Topic: The Scarlet Letter Throughout the novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne emphasizes the intricate themes of isolation and alienation. Using a variety of literary techniques and descriptions of emotions and nature, Hawthorne is able to fully depict the inner feelings of hurt suffered by the central characters as a result of severe loneliness and seclusion. This, therefore, further adds to the overall gloomy and cynical atmosphere of the work. Isolation and alienation, two forms of torturous estrangement, are experienced by the key figures, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth, each due to different situations and to various degrees. Overall, The Scarlet Letter is primarily concerned with the thoughts and feelings of Hester Prynne. Hester, being an outcast of society, experiences the most evident and apparent form of isolation and alienation. As a symbol of sin, Hester is viewed by the strict Puritanical town as an outsider, a presence of evil, and, ultimately, one who is detested by God. The towns harsh condemnation of Hester is revealed through a local womans comment, †¦at the very least, they should have put the brand of hot iron on Hester Prynnes forehead (36). Although this dire attitude towards Hester does eventually improve, due to her many benevolent works for the poor, she never truly does escape the feelings of lonesomeness and segregation present in her life. This fact is further stressed by Hawthornes exclusion of all conversation and dialogues, a usage of context and form, in chapter five to demonstrate that Hester has absolutely no communication with the world beyond her occasional trips to town to receive and deliver embroidery orders. Described as dark and inscrutable. The forest, in contrast, provides Hester with a secluded habitat in which she may seek truth and escape the glares of humanity, though all the while downhearted and alone (54). A more private and hidden feeling of isolation and alienation is conveyed through Arthur Dimmesdale. Unlike Hester, who has been thrown into a life of dejection by society, Dimmesdale inflicts this desolation upon himself. Dimmesdale, unable and unwilling to publicly reveal his sin, continu es to be haunted by his own guilt, and consequently feels inner isolation towards humankind. Nonetheless, the entire town embraces Dimmesdale as a messenger of God and a miracle of holiness who should be greatly admired and respected (98). Paradoxically, Dimmesdale views himself as an evil fiend and punished himself with daily abuse and starvation. In the end, when Dimmesdale finally does release his guilt and shame, he succumbs to sickness and dies, feeling for the very first time, true happiness and peace. As the impious revenge-seeking villain of the novel, Roger Chillingworth undergoes the most concealed and obscure form of alienation and isolation. Not only is he physically separated from his companion, Hester, and the townspeople, who suspect evil intervention, but is also mentally detached from himself. To exhibit this transformation, Hawthorne expresses the character of Roger Chillingworth primarily through private contemplation; Chillingworth exposes his true self only through his thoughts. With exception to Hester, Chillingworth speaks to no other person about his plans or motives. Following his vow to uncover Hesters secret lover, Chillingworth slowly begins to lose his true identity to the devil. Such pure wickedness causes Chillingworth to eventually withdraw from his prior life and isolate himself to live in a world, which through his eyes, only contains bitterness and hate. Although Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth all experience alienation and isolation, each endures a different aspect and to various extents. Hester is alienated from her fellow man and is completely cut off from a life of customariness and normality. On the other hand, Dimmesdale, essentially the towns public figure, feels alone in the fact that he is the sole person, besides Hester, to really understand the true man within himself. This agonizing wound is so strong that it eventually takes his life. However, Chillingworth is the character that goes through the most harsh and excruciating form of torture. To surrender to evil and watch oneself gradually wither away due to ones own choice is one of the most unbearable pains known to man. Revealing the sinister sides of humanity, The Scarlet Letter expresses the torment and anguish that humanity sets upon each other through hypocritical laws and its rejection of love and passion in favor of principles and morality. The agony of isolation and alienation that Hester and Dimmesdale go through, which directly extends to Chillingworths distress, is caused by the firm belief, by the town, that they are responsible for the extermination of all existing sin on earthy, though they themselves sin. IN addition, Hawthorne explains that society, in judging people according to what they themselves believe to be proper and ethical is, appallingly to claim to be flawless and equal to the superiority of God himself. This moral dilemma further points out the dishonesty of humankind and, above all, its inability to be true.

6 Scientific Tips for Getting a Pay Raise

6 Scientific Tips for Getting a Pay Raise By being familiar with a few scientifically and psychologically based tips, you can ask for that raise with no fear, even at times when raises are not being offered. Look at What Your Position PaysIf you are being underpaid for your job description, it is not unreasonable to ask for a raise in salary. Include education and years of experience to see if you are getting paid within that range. If not, maybe it’s time to ask for a raise.Ask for a Raise In the MorningSkip your breakfast and ask for your raise in the morning. University studies show that an individual is more driven to ask for something if he or she is hungry. According to one psychologist, people are more moral in the mornings. However, wait until your boss has had his morning coffee and has gone through his morning tasks. A psychotherapist in New York suggests that if your boss is accustomed to having a drink at lunch, wait until afterward.What Days to Ask for a RaiseMondays are obviously out. Your boss is facing work that may have piled up over the weekend and has the entire week to get through. You are better off asking for a raise toward the end of the week when he may be looking forward to the weekend.Asking Toward the Weekend May Not Work for EveryoneBusinesses that operate seven days a week or where the boss is busiest in the morning may preclude asking for a raise at this time. In this case, wait until the boss is in a good mood before asking, perhaps after a business deal has been carried through successfully.Statistics Give You the Good NewsAccording to statistics compiled by Payscale, 75 percent of workers who requested a raise received an increase in pay. While 44 percent were given the amount they asked for, another 31 percent received less but were still granted a raise.What to Do if the Boss Says NoSuppose you don’t get the answer you were hoping for during your meeting with your boss. Now is perhaps the time to ask what you can do to improve your work or the reason for the refusal. However, stay polite and do not make demands. Pay attention if your boss makes suggestions and carry them out, so the next time you ask for a raise you might receive a positive response.

The Concept of Communicative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Concept of Communicative Action - Essay Example Knowledge-Constitutive Interest - a function of the objectively constituted problems of the preservation of life that have been solved by the cultural form of existence. Cognitive Interest - the relationship or the conforming of motivation and cognition. Knowledge and interest are essentially united. technical interest natural science practical interest human science emancipatory interest critical theory The technical interest relates to the human need to control nature for survival. Labor fulfills this need. Modern science and cost-benefits rationally serve this interest. The practical interest is the interest in human communication, interaction and common life. The discipline of psychology and psychoanalysis is needed. Emancipatory interest is the idea that knowledge must enhance man's freedom and improve human life by emancipating man from oppressive forces, be it in the field of politics, psychology, ideology, etc. The unit of knowledge and self-interest The achievements of the transcendental subject have their basis in the natural history of the human species. Knowledge equally serves as an instrument and transcends mere self-preservation Knowledge constitutive interests take the form in the medium of work, language and power. In the power of self-reflection, knowledge and interest are one. The unity of knowledge and interest proves itself in a dialectic that takes the historical trace of suppressed dialogue and reconstructs what has been suppressed. Approaches in the philosophy of Language The traditional way - it is characterized as interpreting language through the use of etymology, and understanding the application of language in a specific group The method of... Habermas focused his attention on epistemology, i.e. how knowledge is related to and affected by the interests of the knower. Habermas became critical of empiricism and positivism because of their assumptions and presuppositions deduced from practical interests in historical and social conditions. Habermas was influenced by Freud in trying to bring knowledge and interest into harmony through self-reflection. Decisionism - is a viewpoint concerning the irreducibility of categoral value judgments to scientific knowledge, hence not by scientific method, but the expressions of personal and arbitrary decisions. Thus, value judgments by themselves are purely subjectivistic. For Habermas, the above viewpoints of Weber are reductionist and limiting. Science (physical science) is not the only agency to have accurate and valid knowledge. There are limitations into it so with human sciences. Emancipatory interest is the idea that knowledge must enhance man's freedom and improve human life by emancipating man from oppressive forces, be it in the field of politics, psychology, ideology, etc. For Habermas, methodological scientific approach in the social sciences may end u

Culture aspect on human organ donation Research Paper

Culture aspect on human organ donation - Research Paper Example While there are no legal hurdles during the process of organ donation, there is a lot of skepticism among the potential donors. In countries like India and China, the main religions talk about the concept of rebirth and reincarnations. Hence, religious followers have developed a fear about donating the body parts after death (Woo, 1992). According to Daar (2000), in Islamic countries, the religion prevents the separation of organs from the body after death. However, a deep dive into the cultural traditions of these nations indicates that religion and culture are not actually against organ donation (Ogbonmwan, 2010). This study aims to identify the reasons that prevent people from organ donation and will try to find out if culture is one of the dominant factors that go behind the decision. The study is based on review of literature as well as the research undertaken on the topic of impact of culture on organ donation. The study will highlight the various insights through the review of literature and research about the way in which culture plays a role in making an impact on organ donation. Organ Donation, Culture and Religion The cultural aspect of organ donation is deeply influenced by the way in which culture influences religion. Hence, in most cases, the religious practices or beliefs have transpired as cultural beliefs. Here is a brief summary of what some of the major religious practices talk about the concept of organ donation. Islam and Organ Donation According to Islam, violating the human body is a forbidden concept but, at the same time, the concept of altruism forms a basic tenet of Islam. Hence, helping in saving the life is regarded as a noble concept. Therefore, based on this principle, many Muslim Law bodes have passed religious rulings that organ transplantation is entirely approved in Islam, such as by the UK Muslim Law body (Golmakani, 2005). According to Golmakani, the Islamic Jurisprudence Council of the Government of Saudi Arabia had approve d both live as well as cadaver organ donation in 1988. Countries like Pakistan, Egypt and Iran had also passed similar rulings (Einollahi, 2008). As per the research done by Einollahi in 2008, he felt that scholars approved of organ donation and even Islamic laws were passed in approval. However, even then many followers are not comfortable with the idea of organ donation, especially when it comes to the procedure of deceased organ donation. Einollahi’s research shows that among all the kidney donations carried out in Iran, only 13% were deceased donation. In Turkey, Kuwait and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, this figure was less than 25%. Hence, there is still some skepticism based on religion about organ donation. In addition, there is also some difference of opinion between the Indo-Asian Muslim scholars and the Arab scholars, where the Indo-Asian Muslim scholars are not much in favor of organ donation (Rady and Verheijde, 2009). Part of this concern could arrive from the nor ms for burial which states that the body should be buried within 24 hours, where as lengthy organ retrieval procedures may delay the norm (Gatrad, 1994). Therefore, while Islam as a religion does not have any prohibitions against Islam, followers are still apprehensive about the entire procedure. Christianity and Organ Donation Christianity as a religion endorses organ transplantation. The various branches of Christianity such as Anglican,